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Zlate Hory ( Zukmantel ) |
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Czech Republic |
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Cu Au Zn Pb
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Super Porphyry Cu and Au
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The Zlaté Hory (Zukmantel) stratabound copper-lead-zinc deposit is located in the East Sudeten region near the north-eastern border of the Czeck Republic with Germany. The hosts are the Sudetic equivalents of the Rhenohercynian belt that contains the Rammelsberg deposit in Germany.
Underground mining commenced in the second half of the 14th century, reaching a peak during the 16th century, during which time two large gold nuggets were found weighing 1.386 and 1.780 kg respectively. Initially copper was the main metal sought, but later lead, iron and then zinc became significant products. Production between 1988 and 1994 amounted to 0.7716 Mt @ 1.18% Zn, 0.05% Pb, 2 g/t Au. Mining ceased on 1994.
The deposit lies within the Bohemian Massif, hosted by weakly metamorphosed Devonian rocks of the Vrbno Group, which is partly overlain by the Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Andelska Hora Group. The basal Lower Devonian quartzites and conglomerates ovelie Proterozoic crystalline basement in the core of the Desná Dome. These basal quartzites have frequent intercalations of graphitic and chloritic phyllites, which increase in frequency upwards towards the top of the Vrbno Group. The phyllite units include various meta-dolerites, greenschists and quartz-keratophyres. The uppermost members of the Vrbno Group are calc-phyllites and limestones. All of these rocks, and the ore, have been overprinted by a distinct planar and linear syntectonic fabric.
Several types of ore are present, each with a different relation to the structural and metamorphic history of the host rocks. The copper ores are both metamorphic and post-metamorphic in age, and in the Zlaté Hory South deposit form separate bodies. They are predominantly within chloritic quartzites or quartz-keratophyres beneath a phyllite hangingwall and comprise: i). stratabound lenses of monometallic chalcopyrite; ii). generally massive chalcopyrite within quartz veins; iii). complex stratabound galena-sphalerite-pyrite-chalcopyrite partially within chloritic quartzite/keratophyres and partly within limestones; and iv). chalcopyrite with associated gold within quartzites.
Types i). and ii). were mined at Zlaté Hory South, hosted by chloritic quartzites and chloritic schists, while types iii). and iv). were found in Zlaté Hory East and West.
The mineralised units occur within an arch shaped structure over a strike length of 10 km following the northern closure of the Desná Dome. The deposits consist of a series layers, or elongated lenses that are associated with the crests of local anticlines. The metallic minerals are medium grained, often banded and predominantly concentrated at the contact between quartzites and graphitic phyllites. In addition to galena-sphalerite-pyrite-chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, tennantite are also present within the ores. Metasomatic replacement is evident in host crystalline limestone, particularly at Zlaté Hory East.
At Zlaté Hory East, the orebody is up to 30 m thick, occurring as a 30 to 50° east dipping layer that persists down dip for at least 550 m, underlain by sericitic quartzites and capped by graphitic phyllite.
The total deposit is estimated to have been 50 Mt @ an overall grade of 0.34% Cu, 0.29% Pb, 1.19% Zn, incorporating higher grade lenses.
The most recent source geological information used to prepare this decription was dated: 1989.
This description is a summary from published sources, the chief of which are listed below.
© Copyright Porter GeoConsultancy Pty Ltd. Unauthorised copying, reproduction, storage or dissemination prohibited.
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Porter GeoConsultancy Pty Ltd (PorterGeo) provides access to this database at no charge. It is largely based on scientific papers and reports in the public domain, and was current when the sources consulted were published. While PorterGeo endeavour to ensure the information was accurate at the time of compilation and subsequent updating, PorterGeo, its employees and servants: i). do not warrant, or make any representation regarding the use, or results of the use of the information contained herein as to its correctness, accuracy, currency, or otherwise; and ii). expressly disclaim all liability or responsibility to any person using the information or conclusions contained herein.
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