Comparison of the Geology of Proterozoic Iron Oxide Deposits in the Adirondack and Mid-Atlantic Belt of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York
by
Kurt Friehauf, Department of Physical Sciences, Kutztown University, Pennsylvania, Bob Smith, Pennsylvania Geological Survey, Harrisburg, Rich Volkert, New Jersey Geological Survey, Trenton.
in Porter, T.M. (Ed), 2002 - Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, PGC Publishing, Adelaide, v. 2, pp 247-252.
ABSTRACT
Proterozoic hydrothermal iron oxide deposits occur within two metallogenic belts in the northeastern U.S.: the Adirondack region, and the Mid-Atlantic (Reading Prong) belt. A 175 km wide belt of Paleozoic cover separates these two regions, although some iron deposits occur in Proterozoic rocks near the unconformity, suggesting a possible continuation beneath the cover. Although potentially part of the same continuous metallogenic province sharing similar mineralogy, host rock composition and hydrothermal alteration, deposits in the two regions differ in degree of deformation. Differences in the degree of metamorphic deformation fuel the debate of the relative timing of mineralization, igneous activity, and metamorphism. Generally less deformed textures in the Adirondack deposits led workers in the New York deposits to conclude iron ores in the Adirondacks are associated with anorogenic granites that post-date peak metamorphism. Folded iron ores in granitic gneiss of the Mid-Atlantic belt suggest some deposits in eastern Pennsylvania, northern New Jersey, and southern New York predate peak metamorphism. REE-enriched deposits in both belts are characterized by abundant apatite, tourmaline, and manganese concentrations, as well as the presence of hematite-chlorite alteration in addition to magnetite. Unlike deposits hosted exclusively withinmetaigneous rocks, deposits with metasedimentary rocks may contain significant sulfides and so are potential hosts for copper mineralization.
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