The Geology of the Antamina Copper-Zinc Deposit, Peru, South America
by
Eric J Lipten, Scott W Smith, Compañía Minera Antamina S.A., Peru.
in Porter, T.M., (Ed.), 2005 - Super Porphyry Copper & Gold Deposits - A Global Perspective; PGC Publishing, Adelaide, v. 1, pp 189-204.
ABSTRACT
Antamina is the largest known copper-zinc skarn (>3000 Mt @ 1.1% Cu and 1.3% Zinc) in the world. It is located in the Northern Andes in Peru, 270 km north of Lima. The deposit formed at approximately 10 Ma by the emplacement of quartz monzonite intrusions into Mid to Late Cretaceous limestones of the Celendin and Jumasha Formations. Mineralisation is hosted as a series of zoned green and brown garnet endoskarns and exoskarns, in the form of chalcopyrite, bornite and sphalerite. Elements present within the deposit of significant quantities, affecting concentrate value are Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, Bi, and Pb. Antamina produces four concentrates, namely, copper (chalcopyrite and bornite), zinc (sphalerite), molybdenum, and lead-silver-bismuth.
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